Desde que a nova Lei do Tabaco "colocou os fumadores na rua" que, diariamente, milhares de pontas de cigarro são atiradas para o chão. Conclusão: Edifícios limpos, ruas sujas.
A challenge to the hospitality industry to join the growing smoke-free trend and prohibit smoking in all workplaces, including restaurants, bars, hotels and casinos, both indoors and outdoors. From HL (reader).
Deixar o posto de trabalho para ir à rua fumar um cigarro pode implicar a perda de 18 minutos de tempo útil de laboração, pelo que a aplicação das medidas antitabágicas nas empresas deve ser feita com "bom senso", defende o presidente da Confederação da Indústria Portuguesa (CIP). De outra forma, diz Francisco Van Zeller, a produtividade será "sensivelmente afectada", sobretudo nos primeiros tempos da proibição do tabaco.
Um estudo feito em Espanha - onde a lei é menos restritiva -, lembra, concluiu que estas "ausências" podem atingir quase meia hora, se se considerar que, após regressar ao seu posto, o colaborador não retoma imediatamente o que estava a fazer. E que, antes de ir à rua, já está desconcentrado a pensar no vício.
O mesmo estudo, explica Van Zeller, mostrou ainda que, à medida que os trabalhadores se habituam à proibição total do fumo, tendem a reduzir o consumo de tabaco, baixando assim quer a periodicidade das ausências, quer a sua duração. "As pessoas acabam por entender que ausências sucessivas prejudicam o trabalho, e tendem a fumar menos", afirma Van Zeller, favorável à criação de "espaços próprios" para o fumo, ainda que esta medida acabe por "não estimular" as pessoas a abandonar o vício.
Queixinhas e conflitos
Pelo contrário, Joaquim Cunha, da Associação PME-Portugal, teme que os contornos "demasiado restritivos" do diploma criem um "aumento da conflitualidade" nas empresas. "Se alguém fuma, vou eu, o responsável máximo da empresa, fazer queixa? E se algum não fumador se queixar ao director e este não tomar medidas alguém chama a inspecção", ironiza o gestor, que apesar de não fumar, garante ter "muito respeito" por quem o faz.
Menos fumo, mais trabalho
Contra a corrente, João Proença, da UGT, não acredita que a produtividade seja afectada. "É uma falsíssima questão. Tem é de haver bom senso e equilíbrio na forma como a lei se aplica", afirma. Mais assim, a produtividade "até pode subir". E porquê? "Porque tendo de ir à rua, os fumadores vão fumar menos", acredita.
Patrão "amigo"
Confiança nas pessoas. É esta a palavra de ordem nas empresas a quem o JN perguntou se temem pela produtividade. Nalgumas, a "nova" lei já vigora há algum tempo e a experiência tem sido positiva. A TMN dá o exemplo o tabaco foi proibido há três anos, após meses de sensibilização, campanhas, iniciativas e, para os mais "viciados", comparticipação até 80% em tratamentos. Na Galp - que já em 2005 fez um protocolo com uma empresa que ajuda a deixar o fumo, garantindo desconto aos colaboradore - , já não se pode fumar há um mês. Na EDP, só se fuma em alguns espaços, estando a ser estudada a hipótese de instalação de exaustores, como a lei obriga. E há consultas antitabágicas na medicina do trabalho. Na PT, também há espaços próprios, estando em estudo o que fazer em Janeiro.
Por: Ricardo David Lopes Fonte: Jornal de Notícias Ler notícia completa: AQUI
Os efeitos de deixar de fumar começam a sentir-se logo 20 minutos depois, mas só passados 10 a 15 anos é que o risco de ter doenças do coração fica igual ao de um não fumador, segundo pneumologistas.
Nas vésperas do Dia Nacional do Não Fumador, que se assinala sábado, os dados da Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia indicam que bastam 20 minutos sem fumar para que a tensão arterial desça e que depois de 24 horas sem tabaco o risco de enfarte diminui.
Para sentir uma redução na tosse e no cansaço quem deixa de fumar tem de esperar entre um e nove meses e um pouco mais, cerca de 12 meses, para ver decrescer para metade o risco de contrair doença coronária.
Mas só 10 a 15 anos depois é que o risco de ter doenças do coração fica idêntico ao de alguém que nuca fumou.
Para reduzir para um terço o risco de enfarte e de morte é necessário passar um ano e esse risco só fica equivalente a um não fumador após três ou quatro anos.
Para se alcançar uma diminuição de 50 por cento do risco de acidente vascular cerebral é necessário que passem cinco anos depois de abandonado o vício do tabaco.
Ruth Bosworth is Director of Services for the smoking cessation charity QUIT. QUIT was established in 1926 with the mission to significantly reduce unnecessary suffering and death from smoking related diseases by working towards a smoke free UK. Quit provides practical help, advice and support to all smokers who want to stop.
-What is passive smoking? -What are the health risks attached to passive smoking? -Who is most at risk from passive smoking? -What are the health risks to children exposed to passive smoking? -Is there a safe level of exposure? -Are the risks reduced if someone smokes in a well ventilated area? -How can I protect myself from second hand smoke?
Allen Carr quit his 100-a-day habit over 20 years ago and turned into an anti-smoking guru, helping millions of smokers kick their habit. Sadly, he recently died from lung cancer. But he saw his illness as a way to encourage more people to quit.
Allen was convinced he could make every smoker quit by debunking four great smoking myths.
Allen Carr was a chartered accountant before giving up his 100-a-day cigarette habit and becoming a world expert on how to quit.
He started smoking at 16 and within a few years had descended to chain-smoking. After numerous failed attempts to stop by using the usual methods, in 1983 he discovered a method that could make it easy for any smoker to give up the habit quickly, painlessly and permanently. In 1985 he wrote The Easy Way To Stop Smoking describing his method. It quickly became the most successful book on stopping smoking with sales of more than three million. It has been translated into more than 20 languages.
Now he has over 50 clinics in 19 countries with trained therapists conducting sessions according to his method.
Allen Carr has since applied his psychological techniques to other addictions. Among his other books are:
- Allen Carr's Easyweigh To Lose Weight, - How To Stop Your Child Smoking, - The Easy Way To Enjoy Flying - Allen Carr's Easy Way To Control Alcohol.
DECIDE TO GIVE UP AND THINK POSITIVE Before you actually stop smoking, think positively about the benefits, for you, your friends and family. 90% of smokers say they want to stop for the sake of their health. And for men smoking can be a cause for becoming impotent. The senses of taste and smell are dulled by smoking . And it has long been acknowledged that non smokers live longer, healthier lives than smokers. Most people choose to give up for health reasons: it's hard to be fit when you get out of breath or have a persistent cough. As more and more people are giving up, you may well find that more of your friends are non-smokers than smokers.
Step 2
DESTROY ALL CIGARETTES Throw away or destroy all cigarettes and any other smoking paraphernalia. If you really want to kick the habit, you've already overcome the first hurdle. Even if you have some cigarettes left, seize the moment and throw them away. You will feel stronger in your resolve when you do this.
Step 3
GET HELP AND SUPPORT There's a lot of support available for people wanting to quit smoking and the first step could be to see your doctor. You can also find lot of support on the internet and some of the organizations dedicated to helping smokers kick the habit are: ASH, a public health charity; and QUIT, an independent charity. In the United States there is Quit Smoking and an Australian site is Quit Now. Smoking help lines and email motivational support are also available on these sites. Here are some of the many websites available: http://www.givingupsmoking.co.uk/ http://www.quit.org.uk/ http://www.ash.org.uk/ http://www.quitnow.info.au/ http://www.quitsmoking.about.com/ The NHS helpline number is 0800 169 0 169
Step 4
KEEP A SMOKING DIARY OR LOG To help you fully understand your smoking habit and addiction keep a smoking diary or log. Write down the times and places when you smoke and what you are doing, who you are with. This will be vital information as you give up smoking, helping you to avoid those moments when you know you will want a cigarette.
Step 5
CONSIDER NICOTINE REPLACEMENT THERAPY NRT helps with nicotine withdrawal and is available in the form of patches, lozenges, chewing gum, nasal spray and inhalers. Figures show that it roughly doubles your chance of success. Taking a small amount of nicotine allows you to reduce your dependence whilst taking the edge off your desire for a cigarette.
Step 6
ASK DOCTOR ABOUT ZYBAN Zyban is a new prescription drug. It takes away the buzz of smoking and many smokers stop within two weeks of taking it. Currently, Zyban is available only on prescription, so you will need to visit your doctor in order to find out about this.
Step 7
TRY ACUPUNCTURE If you don't mind needles, why not try acupuncture? It really isn't painful and some smokers have found it very valuable in the fight to give up. Acupuncture has been used successfully in China for thousands of years. Although you may feel nervous about acupuncture, it really doesn't hurt. Acupuncture patients report a drop in their desire to smoke. Its use is growing within the NHS and it is a safe treatment if carried out by a trained practitioner.
Step 8
TRY HYPNOTHERAPY Many ex-smokers have used hypnotherapy to help them quit. Hypnotherapy bypasses the conscious, busy mind to plant suggestions in your unconscious to support you in giving up.
Step 9
CHOOSE BEST METHOD FOR YOU Only you can decide which method is the best for you. You may like to try a variety to see which you prefer. There is no one right way. What matters is to use whatever works best for you.
Step 10
PREPARE YOURSELF MENTALLY When you decide to give up, it can be very helpful to start thinking of yourself as a non-smoker, so that you have a positive frame for your efforts, and feel that you are becoming something new, rather than giving up something that you used to have. It can be useful to feel that you want to give up, rather than feeling that you ought to give up.
Ruth Bosworth
